Monday, 23 March 2015

Biliteracy – important or not? / Bi-alfabetización – importante o no?



When speaking about bilingual families, it is usually quite obvious that the parents would like their children to understand and speak both the mother and the father tongue. However, when it comes to reading and writing, opinions start to vary. 

Is it really worth the time and effort to learn the spelling in the second language, too? 

Many say that it is already great, if they understand it and even more than great if they can also express themselves in the second language (if nothing else, for being able to speak to the family and e.g spend the vacations at the grandparents’ place). 

I myself have always set the goal to teach my kids to read and write their second language, too. But I also think, that there is a difference of value between the languages. If the second language is English, there is absolutely no doubt about how important it is in our current world to speak, read and write it as well as possible. But what about a language like Hungarian? My dear friend Tessa always told me: „ Don’t undervalue your language, all languages have the same importance!” However I think that altough obviously it is a huge advantage, that not all people have, to dominate 2 languages on a native level; if these two are Spanish and English, you might already have a job in hand (bilingual teacher) regardless of your country of residence, while with Hungarian you obviously need it a lot if you decide to live in Hungary, but outside of the borders you will not be able to use it too much. 

In any case, with all my doubts I started our experiment with my older son, when he was 5 years old. I did not have a clear plan about how and when to start it, but the occasion offered itself. 

In Spain, kids already start learning the alphabet and numbers from the very start of school, that is from 3 years of age. The 3 year olds only learn capital A, E, I, O, U  and the numbers 1, 2 and 3, then the next year they add more and more, so finally by the age of 6 they are basically reading and writing. 

So one evening at the age of 5, when my son was trying to write „mum” on the blackboard we have at home and he was doing it in  Spanish letters, I decided to show him how to write it correctly in Hungarian (anyu instead of añu). From this time on we try to write one or two words in Hungarian every night and he was very cooperative and enthusiastic about it. It was a game for him: he pretended that he is a teacher writing on the blackboard (he wouldn’t have done it on a piece of paper...). 

Later as he developed his skills in Spanish within the walls of his school, we as well started to write sentences and we started to read very simple books in Hungarian as well. Now, at the age of 7 he reads an easy tale and then I ask him to write 3 sentences about it, or to answer to my questions in writing related to the tale. 

In the meantime at school they also started to write in English, so by the age of 7 he can write in 3 languages – obviously making a lot of spelling mistakes in all 3 languages, but we are on the way!

Now I really would like to know your opinion:

Do you think it is important for bilingual kids to read and write their second language? What  is the appropriate age to start? What method do you use, if you do it?

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Hablando de familias bilingües, normalmente está bastante claro que los padres quieren que sus hijos entiendan y hablen los dos idiomas – el de la madre y el del padre también. Pero cuando ya se trata de leerlo y escribirlo, las opiniones comienzan a diferir. 

Realmente merece la pena el tiempo y el esfuerzo de aprender la ortografía del segundo idioma? 

Mucha gente dice que ya es bastante bueno entenderlo y más que genial ser capaz de expresarse también en el segundo idioma (nada más que para poder hablar con la familia y por ejemplo poder pasar las vacaciones en casa de los abuelos). 

Yo misma siempre me ponía la meta de enseñar a mis hijos como leer y escribir su segundo idioma. Pero al mismo tiempo pienso que los diferentes idiomas tienen valores distintos. Si el segundo idioma es inglés, no hay ninguna duda sobre como de importante es en nuestro mundo hablarlo, leerlo y escribirlo lo mejor posible. Pero qué ocurre si este idioma es uno como el húngaro? Mi querida amiga Tessa siempre me decía: “No desprecies tu idioma, todos los idiomas son igual de importantes!” Sin embargo yo también creo que obviamente es una ventaja enorme, que no toda la gente tiene, dominar dos idiomas con nivel nativo; pero si estos dos son español e inglés, uno ya tiene una profesión en la mano (profesor bilingüe) independientemente del país en el que reside, mientras que con el húngaro lo necesitas mucho si decides en vivir en Hungría, pero fuera de las fronteras no lo vas a dar mucho uso. 

De todas maneras, con todas mis dudas empecé con nuestro experimento cuando mi hijo mayor tenía 5 años. No tenía un plan claro sobre cómo y cuándo empezar, pero el momento ocurrió de manera natural.
En España los niños empiezan a aprender las letras y los números a partir del comienzo del cole, que es con 3 años de edad. Los de 3 años solo aprenden A, E, I, O, U en mayúsculas y los números 1, 2 y 3, y en el segundo año escolar van añadiendo más y más, hasta que a la edad de 6 años prácticamente ya son capaces de leer y escribir. 

Así que una noche, cuando mi hijo tenía 5 años y estaba intentando escribir “mamá” en húngaro en la pizarra de casa y lo estaba haciendo con letras españolas, decidí enseñarle como escribirlo en húngaro correctamente (anyu en lugar de añu). A partir de entonces estuvimos intentando escribir una o dos palabras cada noche y él estaba muy cooperativo y animado. Todo eso era un juego para él: estaba jugando a que él es el profesor escribiendo en la pizarra (no lo hubiera hecho en una hoja de papel…). 

Más tarde en paralelo a su desarrollo de habilidades en español dentro de las paredes de su cole, en casa también empezamos a escribir frases y leer cuentos sencillos en húngaro. Ahora con 7 años lee un cuento y luego escribe 3 frases en relación con el leído, o contesta mis preguntas en escrito. 

Mientras tanto también empezaron a escribir en inglés en el cole, así que con la edad de 7 ya escribe en 3 idiomas – por supuesto con muchas faltas ortográficas , pero estamos en el camino!


Ahora realmente me gustaría saber vuestra opinión:

Piensas que es importante para niños bilingües leer y escribir sus segundas idiomas? Cuál es la edad optima para empezar? Cuál es tu método, si lo haces?
 

3 comments:

  1. Thank you for this new post Nora, and let me share with you our family experience! Since our little boy was born, I have felt concerned about him to be able to read and write in his second language and mother tongue (French) and so we decided to enrol him in a French school during two years, including the 1st grade of Elementary School (the grade when kids learn to read in the French educational system). When for various reasons, he came back to the Spanish school, I decided to “live him in peace" during a time with the French learning, because he had to get used to his new environment and had to start learning English as well, as it was a bilingual school. A few weeks ago, we were spending a Sunday with French friends. Their little daughter who is studying in a French school was doing her homework and had to prepare a dictation. We invited my son to do it too, out of curiosity! The result was that he wrote with the Spanish language in mind and had forgotten all the specific spelling rules of the French language, with the exception of the transcription of sounds that only exist in French and not in Spanish (e.g. nasals sounds). Curiously, he also remembered some words he had learned in English and that were similar in French (he wrote perfectly “éléphant” with “ph” and not “f”). I decided to take an advantage of these similarities and of the fact that my son likes playing and asking about words... and now, I do what his English teacher at school doesn’t want us to do: translate! If an English word or a grammatical structure looks like a French one (and may be strange for a Spanish speaker) I highlight it, to help my son remember both. And it seems to work...

    ReplyDelete
  2. Thanks for your comment Karine! It is good to hear that you have a different method that works well with your son! Obviously, translating might not be appropriate when we want the kids to think in the language they are actually using at that moment - however he might take over the family business of translating, in which case it can just be perfect for him! :-)
    So are you getting back to the habit of practicing French writing with this method? How does a practice look like in your case?

    ReplyDelete
  3. It sounds familiar to me:)

    ReplyDelete